Courtesy: Sean Tabaei, MD, Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon, Assistant Professor, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA BACKGROUND In 1937, Blount described a progressive varus deformity of the proximal tibia in otherwise healthy children and adolescents. He originally termed the condition osteochondrosis deformans tibiae. The condition is now universally known as […]
-Paediatric Orthopaedics
Perthe’s Disease
? Courtesy: Amr Abdelgawad, Maimonaides Medical Centre, Brooklyn, New York, USA LEGG-CALVÉ-PERTHES DISEASE Introduction Perthes disease is a pediatric hip disorder characterized by: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in a skeletally immature child. The condition is typically: Self-limiting with a disease course lasting approximately: 24 months Despite eventual healing, the femoral head may heal […]
Baker’s cyst in Children
Courtesy: Amr Abdelgawad, Maimonaides Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY, USA Baker’s Cyst in Children Introduction A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled swelling located in the popliteal fossa behind the knee. In children, Baker’s cysts are generally benign and self-limiting, and they differ significantly from adult Baker’s cysts, which are […]
Cavus foot
Courtesy: Amr Abdelgawad, Maimonaides Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY, USA Cavus Foot (High-Arched Foot) Introduction Cavus foot refers to an abnormally high medial longitudinal arch of the foot. It is essentially the opposite of flatfoot deformity and is commonly associated with underlying neurological disorders. In many patients, cavus foot may be the first or only sign […]
Gait Analysis in Children and Paediatric Ortho Updates
Courtesy: NewYorkOrtho Pediatric Orthopedics: Advanced Technologies Introduction Modern pediatric orthopedics is increasingly driven by advanced technologies that improve: Diagnostic accuracy Surgical precision Functional assessment Patient-specific treatment planning Important evolving technologies include: Gait analysis Advanced imaging 3D printing Surgical navigation systems These tools are transforming the management of complex pediatric deformities and neuromuscular conditions. Gait […]
Overuse Injuries in Children
Courtesy: Dr Nirav Pandya, Associate Professor, Chief of Paedaitric Orthopaedics, UCSF, San Francisco, USA Overuse Injuries in Young Athletes Introduction Overuse injuries are increasingly common in pediatric and adolescent athletes. These injuries result from: Repetitive microtrauma Inadequate recovery Excessive training loads Unlike acute injuries, overuse injuries develop gradually and are often preventable. Modern youth […]
Congenital Trigger Thumb
Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Congenital Trigger Thumb and Trigger Fingers in Children Introduction Congenital trigger thumb is a pediatric hand condition characterized by: Flexion deformity of the thumb Triggering during motion Inability to fully extend the interphalangeal (IP) joint Although commonly called “congenital,” many cases are actually developmental and […]
Osgood Schlatter Disease
Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Osgood-Schlatter Disease Introduction Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common overuse condition in adolescents characterized by: Traction apophysitis of the tibial tubercle The condition occurs due to repetitive stress at the insertion of the: Patellar tendon on the developing tibial tubercle. It is typically seen in active […]
Perthe’s Disease for the FRCSOrth
Courtesy: Sally Hobson, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK Perthes Disease Definition: Idiopathic osteonecrosis of capital femoral epiphysis in a growing child. Epidemiology: – Males 4x females. 80% 4-9 (2-12 reported). Social class 4-5. Bilateral 10%: Usually asymmetric. Presentation – history Limp. +/- hip/knee pain. Usually insidious/chronic onset. Presentation – examination Reduced ROM – ABDUCTION. Ataxic/trendelenberg […]
Ponseti technique for Clubfoot
Courtesy: Hitesh Shah, Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon, Manipal, India Ponseti Method of Clubfoot Management Introduction Manipulation and casting provide superior, simpler, and faster outcomes compared to surgical intervention in the management of clubfoot. The Ponseti method is: Easy to learn Cost-effective Minimally invasive Highly effective when performed correctly It is currently considered the gold standard […]
DDH Closed reduction, Arthrogram and Spica Application
Courtesy: Taral Nagda, Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon, Mumbai Ramsey’s safe zone: described as the arc of motion through which the hip remains reduced without forced abduction 1. Minimal Abduction: Zone of Redislocation 2. Safe Zone 3. Maximum Abduction: Zone of Ischemia Ramsey PL, Lasser S, MacEwen GD. Congenital dislocation of the hip. Use of the Pavlik […]
Introduction to Arthrogryposis
Courtesy: Dan Zlotolow, Shirner’s hospital for Children, USA ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA Spectrum of disorders (symptom complex) • Diminished fetal movements • Congenital joint stiffness • Varying degrees of muscle weakness INTRODUCTION • Greek word means “bent joint“ • Condition first described in 1841 • The term ‘Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita’ coined by WG Stern in 1923 […]
Flexor Pronator Slide for Spasticity
Courtesy: Scott Kozin, Dan Zlotolow, Shirner’s hospital for Children, USA This video demonstrates the surgical technique for a Flexor Pronator Slide for a young girl with Spasticity. Spasticity can result from cerebral palsy, brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, and stroke. All of the flexor muscles are released from their origin, requiring a transposition of the […]
Cleft Hand Reconstruction using the Snow-Littler Technique
Courtesy: Scott Kozin, Dan Zlotolow, Shirner’s hospital for Children, USA
The Embryology Behind Congenital Hand Differences
Courtesy: Dan Zlotolow, Shirner’s hospital for Children, USA