-Hand and Wrist

Intrinsic & Extrinsic Tightness of the Hand

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Intrinsic Tightness vs Extrinsic Tightness of the Hand Intrinsic Tightness Definition Intrinsic tightness refers to contracture or shortening of the intrinsic muscles of the hand, including: Lumbricals Interossei Causes Common causes include: Crush injury to the hand Post-traumatic fibrosis Intrinsic muscle contracture Pathophysiology The intrinsic […]

Lumbrical Plus Finger and Quadriga Effect

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Lumbrical Plus Finger and Quadriga Effect Lumbrical Plus Finger Definition Lumbrical plus finger is a condition in which attempted finger flexion produces paradoxical extension of the interphalangeal (IP) joints. This deformity is also known as: Paradoxical extension deformity Key Concept The term “plus” refers to […]

Claw Hand and Ulnar Claw Hand

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Ulnar Claw Hand Definition Ulnar claw hand is an abnormal hand posture caused by injury to the ulnar nerve, most commonly from a distal (low) ulnar nerve lesion. It is characterized by clawing of the: Ring finger (4th digit) Little finger (5th digit) Clinical Features The […]

Distal RadioUlnar Joint and Triangular FibroCartilage Complex

Courtesy: Ravi Viradia MD, Tennesse, United States TFCC and Distal Radioulnar Joint (DRUJ) Introduction The Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC) is a key stabilizing structure on the ulnar side of the wrist. It plays a critical role in: Distal radioulnar joint stability Load transmission across the wrist Smooth forearm rotation Injuries to the TFCC commonly […]

“Zebras” in Hand Surgery

Courtesy: Dr Jennifer Kargel MD, Director of Hand Surgery, Chief of Plastic Surgery at VA Dallas, Assistant Professor, UT SouthWestern, Dallas, Texas, USA “Zebras” in Hand Surgery Introduction In clinical medicine, the term “zebras” refers to rare or uncommon diagnoses, while “horses” represent common conditions encountered in routine practice. In hand surgery, most patients […]

Kienbock’s disease

? Courtesy: Prof Abhijeet Wahegaonkar, Sancehti Hospital, Pune, India Introduction • Robert Kienbock- radiologist. Described xray changes associated with lunatomalacia. • an isolated disorder of the carpal lunate arising out of vascular compromise • multifactorial pathogenesis- influenced by genetic, anatomic, mechanical and metabolic factors. Historical perspectives first described by Peste in 1843 who noted a […]

Congenital Hand Differences

Courtesy: Dr Terrence Jose Jerome, Editor, Journal of Hand and MicroSurgery Congenital Hand Differences Introduction Congenital hand differences represent a diverse group of upper limb anomalies that affect hand appearance, function, and development. Management requires a careful understanding of anatomy, classification systems, associated syndromes, and patient-specific functional goals. This review summarizes key concepts discussed […]

Differential Diagnosis of Trigger Finger

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Differential Diagnosis of Trigger Finger Introduction Trigger finger is a common condition caused by stenosing tenosynovitis at the A1 pulley, resulting in painful locking or catching of the finger during movement. However, several other conditions can mimic trigger finger and should be differentiated carefully during […]

Trigger finger and trigger Thumb

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Trigger finger is a condition where finger gets stuck in a bent position and then snaps right. – CAUSE: when the flexor tendon of the affected finger becomes thick and inflamed as it slides through the tendon pulley, causing a thickened nodule and triggering of the […]