Courtesy: Sachin Allahabadi MD, Houston, TX Why Do Cartilage Defects Matter? 1. Poor Healing Potential Articular cartilage has: Limited blood supply Low chondrocyte density Dense extracellular matrix Limited cell migration capacity Additionally: The knee undergoes repetitive multidirectional load Healing is mechanically and biologically challenging 2. High Prevalence Articular cartilage defects are found in ~60% of […]
-Cartilage & Meniscus
Patellofemoral cartilage repair
Courtesy: Dr A Gomoll, Ashok Shyam TV, Ortho Clinical Context First-time patellar dislocators traditionally require surgery only when a loose body is present. However, many patients present with: Cartilage defects on magnetic resonance imaging. No loose body. Unclear indication for surgery. Key question:When should patellofemoral cartilage defects be treated surgically? Incidence of Patellofemoral Cartilage Defects […]
Complex Meniscus Repair-Live Surgery
Courtesy: Dave Lee, Ashok Shyam, Ortho TV Arthroscopic Management of Medial Meniscus Tear with Parameniscal Cyst Patient Presentation A female patient in her thirties presented with right knee pain for three years. Symptoms began after a fall from a motorbike. Complaints included: Pain during standing and walking Pain while climbing stairs Night pain The patient […]
Articular Cartilage Restoration
Courtesy – Dr Dinshaw Pardiwala, Dr Ashok Shyam, Ortho TV Modern Approach to Articular Cartilage Restoration Importance of Articular Cartilage Articular cartilage plays a critical role in knee joint function. It provides a smooth, low-friction surface for joint movement. It helps in even distribution of load across the joint surface. This load distribution reduces peak […]
Meniscal Transplantation
Courtesy Dr Frank Noyes, Dr Ashok Shyam, Ortho TV Introduction Meniscus transplantation is a surgical option for selected patients who have significant symptoms following loss of the meniscus. The procedure is mainly considered in younger individuals who develop persistent knee pain after meniscectomy. Multiple graft preservation methods have been used, including cryopreserved meniscus grafts. Clinical […]
Cartilage Lesions: What’s the Hype?
Courtesy: Grant Garcia MD, Seattle Introduction A live educational program featured an expert orthopedic surgeon specializing in sports medicine and shoulder surgery. The speaker has extensive experience in sports medicine, surgical innovation, and orthopedic research, with more than 80 peer-reviewed publications. Professional activities include clinical practice, research collaboration with orthopedic companies, product development, regulatory testing, […]
Knee Cartilage Regeneration
Courtesy: Prof Paul Lee FRCSOrth, London What is Articular Cartilage? • It is the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints • It is a hyaline cartilage and is almost 1- 5mm thick • Ability to withstand good amount of pressure • It is composed of […]
ACL Ganglion Cyst, Meniscal Cyst, Baker cyst
Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Overview Several types of cystic swellings can develop in and around the knee joint. The commonly encountered cystic conditions include: Ganglion cysts involving the cruciate ligaments Meniscal cysts Popliteal cysts, also known as Baker cysts These lesions differ in origin, location, clinical features, and management. Ganglion […]
Cartilage Injuries and Healing
? Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Layers of the Articular Cartilage and Cartilage Healing Introduction: Does Articular Cartilage Heal After Injury? Articular cartilage has a very limited capacity for healing. The ability of cartilage to heal depends on the depth of the injury and whether it reaches the underlying bone. Because […]
Layers and Composition of Cartilage
Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Layers of Articular Cartilage The articular cartilage is avascular, meaning that it does not have a blood supply and does not have nerves. It is a shock absorbing structure. Bone is made first, so bone contains collagen Type I. Cartilage is made after the bone, […]
Meniscal Allograft Transplantation
Courtesy: Alberto Grassi MD, Associate Professor, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy Introduction A webinar session featured an orthopedic surgeon specializing in knee ligament injuries, meniscal disorders, and sports traumatology. The speaker has extensive clinical and research experience in knee surgery and sports medicine, with numerous peer-reviewed publications and academic contributions. The presentation focused on meniscal […]
Current Applications of Growth Factors in Knee Arthritis and Cartilage Repair
Courtesy: Sarav Shah MD, Consultant Shoulder Surgeon, New England Baptist Hospital, Boston, Massachussets, USA Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee Articular cartilage is avascular and depends entirely on diffusion from synovial fluid for the supply of nutrients and oxygen. Due to the absence of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics, the intrinsic repair capacity of articular […]
Cartilage repair for the Knee Joint
? Courtesy: Christopher McCrum, Assistant Professor, UT SouthWestern, Dallas, Texas, USA Articular Cartilage Structure Basic Components Water: Constitutes the majority of cartilage weight and is essential for load bearing. Chondrocytes: The only resident cells, responsible for maintaining the cartilage matrix. Extracellular Matrix: Predominantly composed of Type Two collagen Provides tensile strength and structural integrity Zonal […]
Osteochondritis Dissecans Of The Knee
?? Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) of Knee OCD is a localized condition where a segment of subchondral bone and its overlying cartilage undergoes avascular necrosis and may separate from surrounding bone. Commonly affects the knee, especially the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle. Etiology And Pathophysiology […]
Cartilage Repair of Foot and Ankle
Courtesy: Francesca Vannini, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/cartilage-repair-of-footandankle/ Background Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are increasing due to: Increased sports activity Younger physically active population Main goals of treatment: Pain relief Restore cartilage similar to hyaline cartilage Prevent progression to arthritis Classification of Osteochondral Lesions (Van Dijk Based) Acute Lesions Size Management […]