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Anatomy of the Extensor Indicis Muscle

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Anatomy of the Extensor Indicis Muscle Overview The extensor indicis muscle is part of the fourth dorsal extensor compartment of the forearm. It lies deep to the extensor digitorum communis muscle. It has the most distal muscle belly within the fourth dorsal compartment. This distal muscle […]

Tennis Elbow and ECRB

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Evaluation of Shoulder Pain

? Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA SHOULDER PAIN Common causes of shoulder pain includes impingement.50% of all patients who go to the doctor for shoulder pain will have an impingement syndrome. With rotator cuff tendonitis, raising the arm is painful. SHOULDER BURSITIS (SUBACROMIAL BURSITIS) Elevation of the arm causes squeezing […]

Piriformis syndrome: Causes and Diagnosis

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Anatomy of the Piriformis Muscle

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim ,University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Overview The piriformis muscle is one of the six short lateral rotators of the hip. It occupies a key anatomical position in the deep gluteal region and serves as an important landmark for neurovascular structures exiting the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. Origin The piriformis […]

Hip Pain Vs Sciatica

? Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Hip and Spine Pathology: Challenges in Diagnosis 1. Hip and spine pathologies can present with similar symptoms, making diagnosis challenging. 2. Both conditions can coexist in the same patient, requiring careful evaluation to determine the primary source of pain. Clinical Presentation 1. Hip Pain: […]

Sciatica Vs Peripheral Neuropathy

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of TOledo, Ohio, USA

Posterior Malleolus Fractures

Courtesy: Prof Lyndon Mason, FRCSOrth, Liverpool, UK Background Historically, posterior malleolar fractures were treated according to the “one third rule”: Fix the fragment if it involves more than 25 to 30% of the articular surface. Leave smaller fragments untreated. Modern evidence has shown that: Fragment size alone does not determine outcome. Fracture morphology is more […]

Neurogenic and Vascular Claudication

? Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA NEUROGENIC AND VASCULAR CLAUDICATION VASCULAR PAIN Vascular claudication – lower extremity pain secondary to arterial insufficiency. It occurs in patients with peripheral arterial diseases ,eg ; atherosclerosis. There is a mismatch between the oxygen demand and the oxygen supply in the lower extremity. Pain […]