Shorts and Reels

AO Classification of Femoral Head Fractures

AO Classification for Femoral Head fractures: 31 C (3=Femur, 1=Proximal femur, C=femoral head) Femoral head Split fractures are classified by AO/OTA as 31C1 and subdivided into: 31C1.1 – Avulsion of ligamentum teres 31C1.2 – Infrafoveal split fracture 31C1.3 – Suprafoveal split fracture Femoral head Depression fractures are classified by AO/OTA as 31C2 and subdivided into: […]

Outerbridge Classification of Cartilage defects

? Courtesy: Christopher McCrum, UT SouthWestern, Dallas, Texas, USA Outerbridge Bentley Classification: Grade I lesion: articular surfaces that are swollen, soft, and in some cases blistered. Grade II lesions: characterized by articular fissures and clefts with diameters <1 cm. Grade III lesions: deep fissures extending to subchondral bone with diameters >1 cm. Grade IV lesions: […]

Stulberg Classification in Perthe’s Disease

Courtesy: Sally Hobson, Hull ROyal Infirmary, Hull, UK Types 1, 2 hips have spherical femoral head types 3 and 4 have ovoid femoral head Type 5 hips have flat femoral head

Brumback Classification of Femoral Head Fractures

? Orthopaedic Principles Shorts Channel Type 1: posterior hip dislocation with fracture of femoral head involving inferomedial (non weight bearing) portion of femoral head. Type 1A, with minimal or no fracture of acetabular rim and stable hip joint after reduction. Type 1B, with significant acetabular fracture and hip joint instability. Type 2: posterior hip dislocation […]

Femoral Stretch Test

Courtesy: Kshitij Chaudhary, Spine Surgeon, Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, India https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/2020/05/clinical-examination-of-spine/

Patterson Classification of Constriction Band Syndrome

Class 1 simple constriction ring Class 2 associated deformity of the distal part +/- lymphedema. Class 3 involves distal fusions like syndactyly/acrodactyly Class 4 involved intrauterine amputation due to the constriction Classic Ref: Patterson T. Congenital ring constrictions. Br J Plast Surg. 1961;69:532–569

Swanson Classification of Congenital Hand Anomalies

Classification of Hand Anomalies: Swanson Classification 1. Failure of formation: Transverse absence or longitudinal absence Transverse absence also includes true transverse absence, symbrachdactyly. Longitudinal absence include Radial club hand, Ulnar club hand and cleft hand 2. Failure of differentiation: Eg., Camptodactyly, Clinodactyly, Syndactyly, symphalangism 3. Duplication: Eg, Preaxial and Postaxial polydactyly 4. Overgrowth: Eg, Macrodactyly […]