-Examination — OrthopaedicPrinciples.com

Clinical Examination of the Hip Joint

by Dr Hitesh Gopalan, Editor, Orthopaedic Principles; Associate Professor

Clinical Examination of Shoulder and Rotator Cuff

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Lachman’s Test and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Lachman’s test is the most sensitive examination test for ACL injury.The anterior cruciate ligament is located in front of the knee.The primary function of the ACL is to resist anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur and provide some rotational stability to the knee.Rupture […]

History & Examination of Knee Joint

Courtesy: Parag Sancheti, Ashok Shyam, IORG, OrthoTV

Clinical Examination of the Shoulder Joint

Courtesy: Brian Feeley MD, UCSF Orthopedics of San Francisco, CA

Physical Exam and Provocative Maneuvers of the Wrist

Courtesy: Dr. Jerry Huang, University of Washington and Harborview Medical Centre, Seattle, USA

Physical Examination of the Hand

Courtesy: Gianfranco Frojo

Clinical Examination of the Elbow

Courtesy: Prof Lalit Maini, Maulana Azad Medical College, NewDelhi

Movements of the Thumb

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA The thumb is crucial to the overall function of the hand, with amputation leading to about 40% impairment. Because of value of thumb, reimplantation at any level is recommended. It also accounts to around 22% disability of the individual as a whole The thumbs actions are […]

Piriformis Syndrome and Tests

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Piriformis syndrome is a condition presenting as leg pain or sciatica caused by problem related to piriformis muscle.The piriformis muscle arises from the anterolateral part of sacrum and gets inserted to the posterior part of greater trochanter . It is difficult to differentiate between Piriformis syndrome […]

Examination and Special Tests Of The Knee

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA TESTS FOR EXAMINATION OF THE KNEE MCMURRAY’S TEST is a knee examination test that elicits pain or painful click as the knee is brought from flexion to extension with either internal or external rotation. This test uses the tibia to trap the meniscus between the femoral […]

History and Examination of the Injured Knee

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Examination of Hand and Wrist

Courtesy: NHS Rotherham, Alex Kocheta

Pivot shift Test for the Knee

Courtesy: British Journal of Sports Medicine and Mark Huthison

Cervical Spine Examination

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, Unviersity of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Allen’s Test for the Hand

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA The Allen’s test is done to assess the circulation of the hand. This test can be performed for either the ulnar or radial artery. The examiner applies pressure to the wrist with the thumbs, occluding the ulnar and radial arteries. The patient makes a tight […]

Drop Arm Test for the Shoulder

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Apprehension Relocation Test in Shoulder

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA

Clinical Examination for Low Back Ache

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Low back pain is common. There are several clinical evaluation tests used to assess patients with low back pain. 1-Straight leg raising test: elevation of a painful limb causes sciatica and radicular pain. The test is positive when the pain occurs with less than 60 degrees […]