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Integrating Principles and Evidence

Integrating Principles and Evidence

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Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, USA Introduction The sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is the only true bony articulation connecting the upper limb to the axial skeleton. Although small, it plays a critical role in shoulder girdle motion, enabling full upper-extremity function. Anterior dislocation of the SCJ is rare but clinically important, primarily due to […]

Anatomy Of The Sternoclavicular Joint

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA ANATOMY OF STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT Composed Of proximal end of clavicle and manubrium sterni Clavicle in turn is supported by the costal cartilage of first rib Type : Gliding type/ saddle joint/ synovial joint Articular surface : proximal end of clavicle + clavicular notch of manubrium sterni […]

Common Pediatric Elbow Fractures

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA Overview Pediatric elbow fractures broadly include: Supracondylar fractures of the humerus Fractures involving ossification centres This section focuses on fractures involving ossification centres. Ossification Centres of the Elbow Understanding timing is critical for diagnosis. Elbow ossification centers CRITOE Structure Age (years) Capitellum 1 Radial head 3 […]

Occult Injury Of The Elbow & Joint Effusion

Courtesy; Prof Nabil Ebraheim, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA 1. Common Pediatric Elbow Fractures A. Supracondylar fracture of humerus Most common pediatric elbow fracture Most common cause of elbow effusion in children Diagnosis Anterior humeral line assessment B. Fractures Involving Ossification Centers Elbow ossification centers CRITOE Structure Age (years) Capitellum 1 Radial head 3 Medial […]

Elbow Ossification Centers

Courtesy: Prof Nabil Ebraheim   Elbow ossification centers – CRITOE Why Is This Important? Pediatric elbow X-rays are notoriously confusing Ossification centers can: Mimic fractures Hide fractures Therefore, you must know: Order of appearance Age of appearance Which centers should be present at a given age Mnemonic: CRITOE Letter Structure Age (Years) C Capitellum 1 […]